Operating mechanism for phonographs



. w. w. KID ENEY. OPERATING MECHANISM FOR'PHONOGRAPHS.

. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, 1917- Patanted Apr] 5 Q 5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

W. W. KIDENEY. OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHONOGRAPHS.

v APPLIQATIOH HLED MAR. 7 19]]. Patented Apr. 5

W 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w. w. KIDENEY. OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHONOGRAPHS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, I917. 1,374,151

. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3:

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

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*Q Q I m M mm N I N Nn Z I a v m MD :5. Gm m v W. W. KIDENEY. OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHONOGRAPHS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- 9|?- 1,374,151 Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEET 4.

W. W. KIDENEY. v OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHONOGRAPHS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-7,1917.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- I I I I I I I l I I I I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM W. KIDENEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 'A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS. I

OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHONOGRAPHS- and relates particularly to the type of phonograph employing a revolving disk record, although it may be employed in connection with other forms of instruments.

Among the objects of'my invention are to provide improved means for automatically bringing the needle or stylus carried by the tone arm into engagement with the record when the phonograph is started into operation, this being brought about by movement of the tone arm relative to the record. Further features of my invention relate to means for automatically stopping the record at a predetermined point and for then returning the tone arm to the initial or starting position whereby the needle can again be brought into engagement with the" record and thus cause the playing of the selection on the record to be repeated. Other features and objects of my invention relate try various improvements and details in the operating mechanism whereby the efliciency of the same is greatly increased.

My invention may be more readily understood by having reference to the accompanying drawings in which I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a phonograph embodying features ofmy invention with a portion of the record and cover of the casing broken away in order to show more clearly certain of the mechanism located within the casing.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

- Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in-the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional detail of line 'part of the switch operating mechanism Specification of Letters Patent.

I Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

Application filed March 7, 1917. SeriaLNo. 152,992.

shown in Fig. 2 but showing the switch open instead of closed as in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a detailed view of a portion of theswitch controlling mechanism taken on the l1ne.6--6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a portion of the switch closing mechanism with the fiber supporting late omitted in order to show more clearly the relation of the vari-' ous parts. I

Flg. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 88 of Fig. 1'. I

- Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 99 of Flg. 7.

Fig. 10 is a detailedview of the rack and pinion. i

In the drawings -I have illustrated a phonograph of thewell known rotary disk type in which the record 11 is carried by the revolvln table 12 mounted on the spindle 13. :ivotally mounted adjacent to the revolving table is a tone arm 14 which carries the sound box 15 which in turn carries the needle or stylus 16 adapted to engage with the groove in the record in the well known manner. Y This tone arm 14 is pivotally mounted at its inner end on a pin 17 carried by the ring 18 which surrounds the inner end of the 'tone arm, it beingseparate'd therefrom by the felt Washer l9. '-w hereby a tight and non metallic connection *is' made between these two members. By having the tone arm pivotally mounted in this manner it is free to move up and down through alimited angle to enable the stylus to engage or to be disengaged from the record in the manner hereinafter more particularly described. In order to permit this movement it will be noticed that the lower edge of the tone arm is slightly cut away as at 20. The ring 18 is earned by a bearing member 21 supported by the roller bearings 22 mounted in a circular depression in the supporting plate 23. The top of the inclosing casing of the phonograph is provided with a suitable opening within which this supporting plate rests and it is supported in this opening by means of the flange 24 which rests on top of the casing as clearly shown in Fig. 2. This supporting plate is provided with a circular opening directly below the inner end of the tone arm whereby a sound passage is provided from this tone arm to the usual amplifying horn or box in the cabinet Surrounding this opening the member is provided w1th a downwardly extending cy-.

vlindrical extension 25 which is provided thereby.

with a V-shaped central web 26. The bear ingmember 21 is provided with a corre sponding 'V-shaped web 27 which rests within the web 26 as clearly shown in Fig.

'2. Secured tothe central .portionof this web 27 there is a bearing pin 28 which projects through an opening in the web 26 and forms a. pivotal bearing for the member 21 and thus for the tone arm carried The lower end of the bearing pin 28 carries a horizontal cylindrical sleeve 29 through which the a rm or rod 30 passes and within which sleeve this arm is adapted l is through which the arm 30 passes and mountto oscillate in the manner hereinaftermore fully described. Secured to the lower side of the cover 30 of the cabinet there is a cylindrical member 31 which supports the amplifying horn or box 32. This casting provided with a slotted opening 33 ing roller 38 which engages in the slot in clearly shown in Fig. 2.- The lower edge' the ring 36, while secured to the opposite end of the rod 30 there is a link 39 which in turn is secured to the lower end of a link 40 secured inside of the tone arm as of the ring 36 is provided with a plurality of depressions or notches 41, the sides of which are beveled or inclined as clearly shown in Fig. 4.; This ring rests on a plurality of pins 42 so that when the ring is rotated in such a manner that these pins come in engagement with the notches or cutaway portions 41 the ring 36 is permitted to move downwardly under the action of the force of gravity for purposes hereinafter more fully described. The slot in the 7 ring 36 through which the arm 30- projects is of sufiicient width to permit this movement. 1 a

In order to partially counter balance the weight of the tone arm and sound box carried thereby, a spring 43 is provided which is secured at one end to the inner surface of the tone arm, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and at its opposite end to any suitable part of the stationary supporting members. The force of gravity due to the weight of the tone arm and sound box is greater than invader the force exerted by the spring e3 so that the tendency of the tone arm is to swing downwardly so that the needle engages with the record. Surrounding the bearing member 21 there is a pair of rings 44,1 45 which vare frictionally held in engagement with said bearingmember by means of the wave like circular spring 46. The ring 45 is provided with an arm 47 (see Fig. 1) which is adapted to engage with a stationary stop 48 carried by the supporting plate 23 for purposes of limiting the movement of the tone arm as hereinafter described. The ring 44: is provided with a notch 4:9 with which the upturned end 50 of the switch operating member 51 is adapted to engage. This switch operating member forms part of the switching combination which is for the purpose of controlling the circuit of the driving motor, which switching mechanism is clearly shown in Fig. 2 and comprises two knife switches 52, 53 in the circuit of the motor, the knife switch 52 being preferably a double pole switch while the switch 53 is a single pole switch. 'The contact blade 5d of the switch 52 is carried by a pivoted arm 55 which carries an operating handle 56 extending through an opening in the plate 23, the end of the member 55 being inclined downwardly as at 57. Slidingly mounted on the member 51 there is a plate 58 which carries a downwardly extending post 59 adapted to engage with the pin 60 carried by an extension 61 which extends upwardly from the pivotally mounted contact blade 62 of the knife switch 53. Secured to the member 51 there is a plate having an upwardly extending lug to which a spring 63 is secured, the opposite end of this spring being secured to the member 55, as shown in Fig. 2. In order to slide this plate 58 on the-member 51 an operating post and button 64 is provided while the combined structure including the member 51, plate 58 and post 59 may be oscillated about its pivot b means of-the operating handle 65. Vlhen the operating button 64 is pushed to the left, as shown in Fig. 2, it will be noticed that the opposite end of the plate. 58 does not engage with the inclined end portion of the member 57 and this is the position of the parts when the instrument is set for repeating. When, however, the operating button and plate 58 is slid to its right hand position,

' as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the

opposite end of this plate'58 is adapted to engage with the end 57 of the member 55.

In order to drive the operating mechanism I preferably provide an electric motor 66, although other forms of motor could be employed without departing from my invention. This motor drives the shaft 67 and through the medium of the worm and gear connection 68 revolves the spindle 13.

Secured to the opposite end of the shaft 67 there is a centrifugal governor 69. One end of this governor is secured to'the ring 70 rigidly mounted on this shaft, while the opposite end of the governor is secured to the sleeve 71 which is loosely mounted on the shaft and adapted to slide alon the same, which sleeve carries a disk 72. ounted on the spindle 13 is a worm gear 73 and mounted adjacent this worm and adapted to engage therewith is a bevel gear 74. This bevel gear 74, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, is mounted on'a sleeve 75 slidingly mounted on a pin 76, which pin is carried by the supporting bracket 77. A spiral spring 78 surrounds the pin 76 and is adapted to be compressed between the head ofthe stud 79, threaded into the end of, the pin 76, and the shoulder 7 5? formed on the sleeve 75. Pivotally mounted on the bracket'7 7 there is a lever 80, the lower end of which is provided with a lug 81 adapted to engage with the disk 72 while the upper end of this lever is provided with a projecting lug 82 adapted to engage with the'face of the hub 83 of the bevel gear 74. This hub is provided with a notch 84 which is adapted to "be brought into engagement with the lug 82 for purposes to be hereinafter more fully described. Mounted on the pivotal pin 85 of the'lever 80 there is an upwardly extending arm 86 to which a spring 87 is secured which spring exerts a normal tension on the up er end of this arm.

lounted on the opposite end of the sleeve 75 is a pinion 88 which is adapted to engage with a rack 89 carried by an arm 90, the

opposite end of which arm is pivotally mounted to the ring 36 (see Figs. 1 and 3). In order to maintain the pinion in engagement with the rack when this inion is moved longitudinally on the pin 6 I provide two U-shaped brackets 91 which are carried by the opposite sides of the arm 90 and bear against the sides of the pinion 88 so thatw'hen this pinion is moved laterally the arm 90 and rack 89 are correspondingly moved.

The longitudinal movement of the arm 90 rotates the ring 36, against the tension of a spring 92, to a position where the pins 42 engage with the notches 41 in the lower edge of the ring 36. This spring 92 is secured to; a lug 93 mounted on the-ring 36 to which lug there is also secured an arcuate arm 94 provided with a head 95 which engages with the outer end of the arm 30. This head is.slidingly mounted on this arcuate arm 94 and may be moved along the same against the compression of a spring 96. Likewise carried by the ring 36 there is a cam 97 which is adapted to engage with the cam face 98 of a lug carried by a casting 99 (see Fig. 7). This casting is mounted on the pin 100 on the opposite end of which the switch blade 62 is mounted. This casting 99 is provided with .two arms 101 and 102 to the first of which a spring 103 is secured while a spring104 is secured to the arm 102. The spring 103, which is of comparatively light tension, exerts a pull tending to-hold the switch blade closed. The spring 104 is of a heavier tension and is so arranged that when the switch is closed it.

lies on one side of the center of the pin 100 and in this position operates to .hold the switch closed, but when the switch has been peat-that is, in the position in which the tone arm will be first automatically lowered.

into engagement with the record and then gradually travel over the'record during the playing of the selection to its innermost position then, when the playing of the record has been completed, the tone arm will be automatically raised from the record and returned to its initial or starting position and will then again be brought into engagement with therecord so that the playing of the selection will be repeated, and this sequence of operation continued until the circuit of the motor is manually opened.

First, in order to set the parts so that they will beproperly operated at the beginning and end of the desired record the'sound box is initiall moved to a position above the outside p aying groove of the record, and while in this position the arm 47, carried by the frictional ring 45, is moved to a position against the stop 48. The operating handle 65 is normally in the position shown in Fig.

5-that is, in the position in which the upturned end 50 engages with the notch 49 in the frictional ring 44. With the parts in this position the sound boxis swung to a point immediately above thepiflnher groove on the record and, the end 50 being in engagement with the notch in'the frictional ring, this ring is prevented from rotating but is held stationary so thatthere is a certain relative movement between this ring and the tone arm. The operatin g'lever 65 is then thrown to the position shown in Fig. 2that is, to the position in which the end 50 is below and out of engagement with the notch in the ring and the tone arm then returned to the initial or starting position. When the tone arm is-thus returned the end 50 is held in its lowered position as it engages beneath the surface of the ring 44 and cannot again rise until the notch is again brought into the position immediately above the end of this arm.

The parts having thus been set, the operating handle 56 is then thrown to the right,

' erating shaft and spindle carrying the rec- 0rd are all rotated and at the same time the arms on the centrifugal governor fi' outward and cause the disk 72 carried fiy the sleeve 71 to be moved laterally on the driving shaft and thus this disk is withdrawn from engagement with the knob 81 carried by the lower end of the lever 80. This lever being then free to move, the spring 87 operates to cause the knob 82 at the upper end of this lever 80 to press against the hub 83 of the bevel gear 74 and force this bevel ear.

into engagement with the worm 73. his bevel gear is accordingly rotated together with the pinion 88, both being mounted on the same sleeve. Through its engagement with. the rack 89 this rotaion of the pinion 88 causes the arm 90 to be moved longitudinally so as to rotate the ring 36. The angle through which these parts rotate is limited by reason of the fact that as soon as the hub 83 has been rotated to the point where the notch 84 is opposite the knob 82 the spring 78 forces the bevel gear 74 out of en gagement with the worm 73. These various parts, including the ring 36 and gear 7 4, are held in this .operated position against the tension of the spring 92 by reason of the engagement between the lug 82 and notch 84 which prevents the gear 74 from belng rotated.

The rotation of the ring 36, as described above, is sufficient to bring the pins 42 into engagement with the inclined notches 41 as shown in Fig. 4. This ring accordingly moves downward, and the bearing roller 38 which engages with the slot'in this ring 36 is correspondingly moved downward and thus, through the medium of the link connection 37, rocks or oscillates the arm 30. This rocking movement causes an upward thrust on the link 40 at the opposite end of the rod 30 and thus renders the tone arm free to move so as to permit the needle carried by the sound box to be lowered downward into engagement with the record. As the rec- 0rd is played the needle gradually travels toward the inner end of the record, in the usual manner, and thus the tone arm is gradually rotated and the arm 30 of course rotated therewith. It will be noticed that when the ring 36 was rotated the arcuate arm 94 and the bearing stud 95 carried thereby was moved away from engagement with the end of the arm 30. The rotating movement of the arm 30 caused by the playing of the instrument again brings this arm 30 into a position adjacent to the member 95. When the needle reaches the inside of the record-that is, at the position in which it is desired to stop the instrument, the notch 49 in thedisk or ring 44 has been brought immediately above the end 50 of the lever 51 and the spring 63 then operates to snap this lever upward. This movement of the lever forces the pin 59 against the stud 60, carried by the switch blade 62, and forces this switch open, thus breaking the circuit of the motor and stopping the operation of the shaft 67. The arms of the governor are therefore again drawn inward and the sleeve and disk 72 slide along the shaft to the left, as shown in Fig. 8, and thus this disk presses against the knob 81 on the lower end of the lever 80 and in this manner forces the knob 82 at the upper end of this lever out of engagement with the notch 84. The spring 92 is then free to return the ring 36 to its initial or normal position as the bevel gear 74 and consequently the rod are now free to move, the rod 90 having heretofore operated to hold the ring 36 in its operated position. As soonas the ring 36 starts to return to its normal position in this manner the pins 42 bear against the inclined sides of the notches or grooves 41 and raise the ring 36. When the ring rises in this manner the lower edge of the slot in this ring bears" against the roller bearing 38 and thus rocks the arm 30 so as to "exert a downward pull on the link 40 to raise the tone arm so that the needle 16 disengages from the record. When the ring 36 returns to its normal position the arcuate arm 94'is likewise moved so that the hearing end 95 presses against the end of the arm 30 and causes this arm to rotate back to its normal position. This movement of the arm 30 in turn rotates the tone arm again to its initial or starting position, this movement of the tone arm being 110 limited by the arm 47, carried by the ring 45. striking against the stop 48. As above pointed out, the parts have been so adjusted that the arm strikes against the stop at a point immediately abovethe outergroove on the record. Of course the movement of the arcuate arm 94 is always the same for any sized record, while the point at which the arm 47 will strike the stop 48 varies dependent upon the size of the record. Thus if a small record is being played the tone arm does not need to be swung back as far as if a large record is being played. This! variation in. the movement of the tone arm is permitted by reason of the spring 96 and a sliding adjustment of the member 95, so that if the arm 47 strikes the stop 48 before the arcuate arm 47 has completed its movement the pressure exerted by the end of the arm 30, against the member 95, merely 130 operates to. slide this member along the arcuate arm 94 against the compression of the spring 96. The return movement of this ring 36 likewise causes the cam 97 tostrike the cam face 98 of the member 99 and thus rocks this member so as to cause the switch blade 62 to again be moved into closed position. The position of the cam 97 onthe ring 36 is so adjusted that the switch'62 will not be closed until the tone arm has fully returned to its starting position. The circuit of the motor being thus again closed the sequence of operations heretofore described are repeatedthat is, the tone arm is first brought down to engagement with the rec 0rd and the playing of the selection repeated and these ,operations repeated until the switch 54 is manually opened by movement of the operating handle 56.

In case it is desired to play the record but a single time instead of'having the same automatically repeated, as above described,

- it is merely necessary to slide the plate 58 to the right, as shown in dotted lines-in Fig. 2, by means of, the operating handle 64.

- When in this position the end of the plate 58 is in such a position that when the end 50 of the switch operating lever 51 snaps upwardly, as shown in Fig. 5, at the completion of the playing of the record, the end" of this plate presses downward: on the inner end- 57 of the member 55 and thus forces the switch 52 open and Stops the motor. When the switch blade 54 is in closed position and the switch lever 51 down, as in'Fig. 2, the spring 63 is on a line below the centerof the pivot for the lever 55. Thus in this posi tion this spring tends to hold the switch .in closed position. When, however, the switch lever 51 has! been snapped upwardly, as in Fig. 5, this spring is brought above this center line and thus its tGIlSlOItOPBIfltGS to sna the switch into its raised or opened position. It willthus be seen that I have devised a very eflicient structure in which the tone .arm is so controlled that the play ing of the record will be automatically repeated. It will be noticed that when the switching mechanism is set for repeating that the switch 54 can only be manually operated, being first initially closed to start therecord and the motor will continue to operate until this switch is again manually opened, the starting and stopping of the motor being automatically controlled solely by the single blade switch 62. When, however, the switching mechanism '-..is'- set; for playing'the record but a single time-'-that is, when the plate 58 is slid to its-right hand position "then this switch 54 is automatically openedwhen the end 50 of the lever 51 comes into engagement with the notch in the ring 44. In this position of the plate 58 the post 59 will not come into engagement with the pin 60 and thus this switch blade 62 is not operated and this switch remains vent the needle from being thrust suddenly upon the record which might cause damage to the same.

While I have illustrated and described my invention in connection with the particular form of phonograph and have shown certain specific means for bringing about this cycle of operations it will be understood that I do not wish to'be limited to the exact constructions shown and described, but that varia- '-tions and changes and modifications will readilysuggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and intent of my invention, thefeatures of which are set forth in the appended claims. What I claim as my invention is: 1. In a phonograph, a record, driving means therefor including a speed governor,

atone arm, and mechanical connections to said arm controlled directly by said governor for automatically moving said tone arm toward and away from said record.

'2. In a phonograph, a record, driving mechanism therefor including a governor for controlling the speed, a tone arm, a stylus carried thereby normallyout of engagement with said record, means controlled by the overnor for automatically moving said stylus into engagement with said rec- 0rd when said driving means is started in operation, means for automatically stopping said driving means, said governor controlled means then operating to move said stylus out of engagementwith said record and to then return said tone arm to its initial position.

3. In, a-phonograph, a tone arm mounted so as to swing in either a vertical or horiz'ontal plane, an arm adapted to have, one movement to control the vertical movement of said tone arm and a second movement to control the horizontal movement, and a governor for controlling the speed of said phonograph, and mechanical connections also directly controlled by said governor for controlling the movement of said arm.

4. In a phonograph, atone arm pivotally mounted at its innerend so as to be freeto move around a vertical'or horizontal axis, a horizontal arm pivoted at a point intermediate its ends and passing through the vertical axis of said tone'a'rm, means forrocking said arm about its axis to control one of the movements of said tone arm and v forswinging the arm about its intermediate ment with sai pointto control the other movement thereof. 5. In aphonograph, a tone arm pivotally mounted at its inner end so as to be free to move around a vertical or horizontal axis, a

' for swinging the arm about its intermediate point to control the other movement thereof,

driving mechanism for said phonograph, the

means for controlling said arm being controlled by said driving means.

6. In a phonograph, a pivotally mounted tone arm, a pair of rings surrounding the inner end thereof and adjustable with respect thereto, the position of one of said rings determining the movement of said tone arm in one direction and the position of the I other of said rings determining its move ment in the other direction.

7. In a phonograph, a tone" arm carrying a stylus, a spindle carrying a' record which is normally out of engagement with said stylus, driving mechanism for said spindle, a gear carried by said spindle, a second gear adapted to engage and be disengaged from said first gear, an arm having a rack engaging said second gear, and means controlled by said arm for controlling said tone arm to cause said st lus to be moved into engaged record.

8. In a phonograph, a tone arm carrying a stylus, a spindle carrying a record which is normally out of engagement with said stylus, driving mechanism including a governor, a gear carried by said spindle, a sec-.

ond gear normally held out of engagement with said first gear and means controlled by said governor when said driving-mechanism is started in operation for causing said second gear to engage with said first gear, and means controlled by the rotation of said second gear for controlling said tone arm to cause said stylus to be moved into engagement with said record.

9. In a phonograph, a tone arm, means for controlling the movement of said tone arm,-said.means including a ring having notches on one edge thereof, pins adapted to engage in said notches, means for oscillating said ring, said means including an arm connected to said ring, a rack: carried by the opposite end of said arm, and a pinion controlled from the driving mechanism of the phonograph for reciprocating said arm.

10. In a phonograph, a record, a tone arm normally out of engagement with said record, means. for lowering said tone arm into engagement with said record when the phonograph'is started into operation, said means including a ring having notcheson one edge thereof, pins on which said ring rests, said pinsbeing normally out of engagement with notches and means for bring ing said pins into engagement with said notches tothereby permit movement of said ring and connections whereby said move-'- means including a ring having notches on one edge thereof, pins on which said ring rests, said pins being normally out of engagement with the notches'and means for bringing said pins into engagement with said notches to thereby permit movementof said ring and connections whereby said movement lowers the tone arm, and means for returning said ring to normal position when the phonograph stops to thereby raise said tone arm out of engagement with said record. g

'12. In a phonograph, a tone arm carrying a stylus mounted so as to swing in either a vertical or a horizontal plane; a spindle carrying a record which is normally out of engagement with said stylus, driving mechanism for said spindle, a gear carried by said spindle, a second" gear adapted to be enan arm having a rack operatively connected with said second gear, a pair of rings surrounding the inner end of the tone arm and adjustable with respect -thereto,"the position of one of said rings determining the movement of said tone arm in one direction and the position of the other of said rings determining its movement in the other direc tion, and means controlled by said rack arm for controlling the movement of said rings. 13. In a phonograph, atone arm mountedso as to swing in either a vertical or a horizontal plane, a pivoted member'adapted'to have one movement control the vertical movement of said tone arm and the second movement to control the longitudinal movement, said controlling meansincluding a' ring having notches, on one edge thereof pins adapted to engage said notches, an

means for oscillating the ring to bring said:

'pins into engagement with said notches.

14. In aphonograph, a record, driving mechanism therefor, including an electric motor, two switches includedin the circuit of said motor, a tone arm, means controlled by the movement of said tone arm for openating one of said switches to open the circuit of said motor, and an arm controlled by the operation of said first switch for operating said second switch.

95 gaged and disengaged from said first gear,

motor, two switches included in the circuit of sald motor, a tone arm, means controlled by the movement of said tone arm for opereting one of said switches to open the circuit of said motor, and an arm controlled by the operation of said first switch for operating said second switch, said last-mentioned arm being adapted tobe rendered ineflective for operating said second switch, whereby said second switch remains closed irrespec- 10 tive of the-operation ofsaid first switch.

Signed by me at Chicago, Illinois, this 8th day of February, 1917.

WILLIAM W. KIDENEY. 

